Identification of nocturnal flight calls of Bicknell’s thrush ( <i>Catharus bicknelli</i> ) and gray-cheeked thrush ( <i>Catharus minimus</i> )
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bicknell’s thrush (Catharus bicknelli) is a rare North American songbird that may be best detected via its nocturnal flight call (NFC) during seasonal migration. However, there is debate around whether its NFC can be reliably separated from that of the two grey-cheeked thrush subspecies (Catharus minimus minimus and Catharus minimus aliciae). We recorded NFCs in Milwaukee, US, where C. m. aliciae is the only expected taxon, and compared them with NFCs recorded in Quebec, Canada, where both C. m. aliciae and C. bicknelli occur during migration. We also recorded a small sample of NFCs in Newfoundland, Canada, where the rarer C. m. minimus breeds. Using unsupervised Gaussian mixture models, we found that the Quebec dataset can best be explained by a combination of two groups: the first group is identical to the NFCs collected in Milwaukee and is consistent with C. m. aliciae. The second group is characterised by NFCs of much higher frequencies, likely belonging to C. bicknelli. While C. m. aliciae and C. bicknelli appear to produce distinctive NFCs, calls from C. m. minimus were intermediate between these taxa. Based on these results, we provide guidelines for the detection and identification of C. bicknelli.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it