The Hashemite Project for the Caliphate in the First Quarter of the 20th Century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Hashemites, descendants of the Prophet of Islam, have assumed from medieval to contemporary period the governorship of the holy sites in Mecca and Medina. Their alliance with Great Britain and France during the 1st World War led to the creation of the two Hashemite kingdoms of Transjordan and Iraq. This research proposes to analyze the religious role of the Hashemite family in studying the Hashemite project of trying to assume the caliphate. The period studied was particularly rich in events, notably in 1925 with the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate by the Turks. The researcher adopted a historical methodology through this research. This study relied specifically on French and English diplomatic documents available in the national archives of these two countries. Moreover, this study shows how one of the most illustrious families of Islam used its religious influence in the service of both its dynastic projects and the unity of the Arab world. In this field, an in-depth study was carried out on the strategies adopted by the Hashemites to achieve their objectives. As the Hashemite project has never been realized due to local and international obstacles, this research discusses the reasons of the failure of this project. Keywords: The Hashemites, Caliphate, Britain, France, Ottoman empire, Arab world.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".