<i>Paulinella acadia</i> sp. nov., a New Photosynthetic Species Isolated From a Brackish Beach in British Columbia (Canada)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plastids in almost all photosynthetic lineages originated from a primary endosymbiosis between cyanobacteria and heterotrophic eukaryotes in an ancestor of Archaeplastida. Strikingly, this event was repeated about a billion years later in an ancestor of photosynthetic Paulinella. Due to the recent and independent occurrence of this second primary endosymbiosis, Paulinella amoebae serve as a remarkable model group for studying the origin of plastids. To date, three species of photosynthetic Paulinella have been described mainly from freshwater and marine environments. Here, we describe a fourth photosynthetic Paulinella species from a brackish beach near Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) using morphological and molecular data that we named Paulinella acadia sp. nov. Although P. acadia sp. nov. appears similar to P. chromatophora under light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses demonstrate its close relationship to P. longichromatophora. The discovery of P. acadia sp. nov. expands the diversity and ecological range within this group. Notably, it is the second photosynthetic Paulinella species found on a beach to be described, alongside its sister P. longichromatophora.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".