The Role of the Military in Security and Support for Civil Authorities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter explores the multifaceted roles of military forces in domestic security, emergency response, and disaster relief across seven nations: Italy, France, Australia, Canada, Israel, the United Kingdom, and Germany. The analysis commences with a case study of Operation Forza Paris in Sardinia (1992), demonstrating military-police cooperation in territorial control and crime reduction. The chapter then delves into the domestic roles of military forces in each country. Italy's military aids civil authorities in homeland security missions, including law enforcement, disaster management, and national territory defense. France prioritizes military involvement in population protection, civil security, and national territory defense. Australia employs the military for natural disaster relief and counterterrorism, while Canada offers extensive support in search and rescue, disaster relief, and law enforcement. Israel's Home Front Command focuses on urban search and rescue, civilian casualty management, and public education. The United Kingdom's Army Reserve is responsible for civil response, with the Civil Contingency Reaction Forces providing various types of support. Germany's Territorial Army is tasked with disaster relief operations, while Italy's Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza serve as primary law enforcement and border policing forces, respectively.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".