The Economics of Energy Storage in 14 Deregulated Power Markets
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a regulated market large scale storage of electrical energy, for example by pumped storage, time shifts the generation of power and has been used to defer generation investment. In a deregulated market power storage, when used for energy rather than as a source of spinning or standby reserve or frequency control, is a simple economic proposition: power is purchased during periods of low price and regenerated and resold during period s of high price . In this study historical diurnal price pattern s in 14 deregulated markets are analyzed to give an initial prediction of the economic incentive for energy storage. We rank the 14 markets based on available revenue and potential return on investment: the incentive to store energy varies significantly between markets. The differences between markets arise because of different diurnal pattern s of power price. Diurnal price patterns in turn reflect a comp lex set of factors in a market , including generation mix , market design and participant behaviours.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it