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Record W4413415146 · doi:10.1016/j.samod.2025.100044

Transitioning to a green economy: Radical labor transformation or building upon existing skills?

2025· article· en· W4413415146 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Shade T. Shutters, José Lobo

Bibliographic record

VenueSustainability Analytics and Modeling · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicSustainability and Climate Change Governance
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTransformation (genetics)Green economyLabour economicsBusinessEconomicsPolitical scienceChemistrySustainable development

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Transitioning to a “green” economy will require many industries to change their activities, raising concerns about the elimination of occupations and the need for significant retraining of the workforce. These concerns have increased resistance to a green transition from some sectors of society. Yet if skills embodied in current economic tasks can be reapplied to activities that facilitate a green transition, the retraining challenge might be lessened. Using a new taxonomy of sustainable economic activities – those that can contribute to climate change mitigation or adaptation – we estimate the number of US, German, and Canadian workers already employed in industries that are equipped to undertake sustainable economic activities. While the fraction of potential green workers varies considerably across metropolitan areas, in each country over one third of workers could conceivably contribute to a green economic transition by applying their existing skills to new activities. This represents more than 47 million workers in the US. Thus, a transition to a green economy may require more that firms reconfigure their workforces than individual workers reconfigure their skill sets.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.179
Threshold uncertainty score0.728

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.298
Teacher spread0.277 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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