A Successful Treatment of Hemifacial Spasm After Flow Diverter Stent Placement for Ipsilateral Internal Carotid Artery Saccular Aneurysm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary, paroxysmal contractions of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve on one side of the face. While primary HFS is most often caused by vascular compression at the root exit zone (REZ) of the facial nerve, secondary causes such as tumors, arteriovenous malformations, and intracranial aneurysms are rare. The management of HFS due to aneurysmal compression remains challenging, and the literature on endovascular treatment, particularly with flow diverter stents, is limited. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, who presented with progressive right-sided HFS. Imaging revealed a saccular aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) at the cavernous-ophthalmic segment. The patient underwent successful endovascular treatment with a Derivo embolization device (DED) flow diverter stent. Her HFS resolved completely post-procedure, with no neurological deficits or recurrence at 6-month follow-up. This case highlights the efficacy of flow diverter stent placement for HFS caused by ICA saccular aneurysm and represents the first such report from Northern Cyprus. The case underscores the importance of considering secondary etiologies in atypical HFS and demonstrates the therapeutic potential of endovascular flow diversion in this context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".