Anti-PS IgG Immune Complexes Impair Macrophage Phagocytosis in SLE via LOX-Dependent Oxidative Stress
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease with systemic complications mediated by immune-complex formation. The elevated level of anti-phosphatidylserine (PS) IgG has been implicated in SLE pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to explore the effector mechanisms of PS immune-complex during lupus development. Patients and Methods: Serological profiles of immune-complexes in SLE patients were analyzed. Immunofluorescence staining showed PS-IgG immune-complex deposition in kidney biopsies of lupus nephritis patients. C57BL/6J mice were immunized with PS for immune-complex and renal function assessment. The roles of PS-IgG immune-complex and lysyl oxidase (LOX) were validated from SLE PBMCs, THP-1 cell line and PS-immunized lupus mice. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and phagocytosis function were examined by flow cytometry in SLE PBMCs, THP-1 cell line and PS-immunized lupus mice. For in vitro treatment, the effects of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and LOX inhibitor β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) were verified in THP-1 cell line and cells from PS-immunized lupus mice. Results: SLE and lupus nephritis (LN) patients showed significant elevated circulating and glomerular PS-IgG immune-complex levels. ROC analysis indicated PS-IgG immune-complex as a strong biomarker in SLE and LN. Mechanistically, induced macrophages from SLE patients treated with PS-IgG immune-complex significantly increased cytoplasmic ROS levels, elevated LOX expression and exhibited dampened phagocytotic function. In mice, PS immunization triggered PS-IgG immune complex formation, increased LOX expression, immune-complex deposited glomerular nephritis, and impaired phagocytotic function of macrophages. NAC and BAPN treatment restored the phagocytotic function of human and murine macrophages. Conclusion: Our results indicate that PS-IgG immune-complex can directly impair macrophage phagocytotic functions via LOX mediated-oxidative stress and may serve as a novel biomarker for SLE.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it