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Record W4413564005 · doi:10.47611/jsrhs.v13i3.7467

Unintended Consequences of Sunscreen

2024· article· en· W4413564005 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Student Research · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSkin Protection and Aging
Canadian institutionsCentennial College
Fundersnot available
KeywordsUnintended consequencesInternet privacyBusinessComputer sciencePolitical science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Sunscreen is known for its importance in protecting our skin from the harmful rays that the sun emits. It has the capability to protect our skin from various diseases, such as cancer. However, the effectiveness and safety of certain sunscreen products have started becoming controversial. This is due to concerns of health risks and environmental effects that are caused due to certain toxins consisting in sunscreen. Oxybenzone (BP-3) and Octinoxate (OMC) are two main chemicals that are under review, as they have the potential to act as hormone disruptors. This topic has not been taken seriously due to lack of research. Therefore, it is essential that we start acknowledging all potential short term and long term risks associated with sunscreen, to ensure development of more effective products. This research is a secondary literature review, in which I gathered sources to explore both beneficial as well as harmful effects of sunscreen use. I was encountered with biased information as well as a limited amount of sample size, however I gained a better understanding of why it's important we further the research of this issue. Sunscreen has proven to have positive and negative impacts on society. Certain toxins in sunscreen have harmed coral reefs, affected the food pyramid, as well as affect the normal functions of hormones in our body. I would recommend spreading more public awareness about this topic, so that people are aware of some of the unintended consequences sunscreen may have.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.337
Threshold uncertainty score0.402

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.313
GPT teacher head0.544
Teacher spread0.231 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it