Knee Crepitus and Osteoarthritis Features in Young Adults Following Traumatic Knee Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the association between knee crepitus and the presence, and worsening, of structural osteoarthritis features and self-reported outcomes in young adults following traumatic knee injury. METHODS: One year following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), 112 participants (41 female participants; median age 28 years old) self-reported the presence and/or absence of knee crepitus using an item from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral osteoarthritis features (ie, cartilage lesions, osteophytes, and bone marrow lesions) were assessed from magnetic resonance imaging scans at one and five years after ACLR. Self-reported outcomes were assessed with two KOOS subscales (pain and quality of life [QoL]) and the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective evaluation form (ie, self-reported function). Poisson regression evaluated the relationship between self-reported crepitus and the presence/worsening of structural osteoarthritis features. General linear models explored the relationship between crepitus and self-reported outcomes. RESULTS: Self-reported crepitus was associated with full-thickness patellofemoral cartilage lesions one year after ACLR (prevalence ratio 2.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41-6.39) but not the risk of worsening structural osteoarthritis features between one and five years after ACLR. Those with crepitus reported worse pain (β = -6.42, 95% CI -10.47 to -2.36), QoL (β = -10.39, 95% CI -18.58 to -2.20), and function (β = -5.49, 95% CI -10.92 to -0.06) one year after ACLR but greater improvement in pain and function between one and five years. CONCLUSION: Self-reported knee crepitus was associated with the presence of full-thickness patellofemoral cartilage defects one year after ACLR but was not associated with a greater risk of worsening structural osteoarthritis features up to five years after ACLR. One year after ACLR, those with crepitus reported worse pain, knee-related QoL, and function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".