Brexit as a Driver of European Disintegration: Institutional Reform and Differentiated Integration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the disintegrative impact of Brexit on the European Union’s institutional framework. Disintegration may occur in the form of other member states leaving the union. Still, it can also manifest in terms of institutional reform in the direction of increased intergovernmentalism and executive dominance, resulting in a renationalization of the EU’s policymaking competences. The article contributes to the literature on European disintegration and differentiated integration by addressing the causal impact of Brexit as a driver of flexible institutional designs to meet the diverging demands of EU member states. The authors’ research is grounded in a constructivist approach, which draws from several theoretical accounts of European integration, proposing that Brexit has and will continue to result in increasing institutional differentiation in the EU. The authors test this hypothesis through an embedded single case study that examines how member states reacted to the new European power balance. The authors focus on proposals for institutional reform, particularly in relation to the Common Foreign Security Policy and the European Stability Mechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".