Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of premature coronary artery disease in a multi-ethnic Iranian case–control study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The association of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been well-established in Asians, where SSBs are the leading ultra-processed food product. We aim to examine the association between SSBs and premature CAD (PCAD) in Iranian adults. Case-control. A multi-centric study of Iranians including 2006 PCAD and 1131 healthy individuals as control group. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). SSBs consist of artificial juice and sugar -sweetened drinks. The PCAD was determined based on the results of angiography and the occlusion percent of vessels. The odds of PCAD across the quartiles of SSBs were assessed by binary logistic regression. The mean (SD) age of participants and SSB consumption was 51.5 years and 46.9 g/d, respectively. In the fully-adjusted model, compared with participants in the first quartile, those in the fourth quartile had higher risk of PCAD (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.00; P trend = 0.044). Consistently, SSB consumption was directly associated with the severity of PCAD. The higher SSB consumption, the greater risk for the severe PCAD (OR Q4 vs. Q1 = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.68; P < 0.001). This study demonstrated that higher consumption of SSB might be associated with higher risk of PCAD. However, more prospective cohort studies are necessary to confirm this association. Does Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) Consumption Increases the Risk of Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD)? Logistic regression of data from Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease Study from 3137 individuals from 8 ethnicities of Iran demonstrated that there is a positive association between SSBs and PCAD. However, prospective cohort studies are suggested for further illustration of causal relationships. Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) Consumption Was Associated With Increased Risk of Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD): Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease Study (IPAD).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".