Temporal presence of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins to the piling during the first offshore wind farm construction in the Pearl River Estuary, China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Guishan Offshore Wind Farm is the first offshore wind power facility located within the habitat of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) in Guangdong province of China. To assess the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin’s response to wind farm construction, this study deployed a broadband passive acoustic monitoring system to investigate the acoustic behavior of humpback dolphins during pile driving activities. Results indicate that Indo-Pacific dolphins were acoustically detected at the wind farm site both pre-construction and during construction in an area previously identified to provide critical habitat to this population. However, temporal presence patterns differed compared to previous studies. While multiple environmental factors influence the habitat selection of Indo-Pacific dolphins, the result from this study confirmed that Indo-Pacific dolphins altered their occurrence following construction initiation. Pile driving exhibited a minor adverse effect on dolphin presence, though statistically insignificant. This persistence may stem from the area's ecological importance as a core habitat, compelling the dolphins to continue utilizing these waters despite construction disturbances. These findings enhance the understanding of marine engineering impacts on marine mammal habitat ecology and provide a scientific basis for formulating habitat conservation strategies and management measures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".