Modeling behavioral deviations in ADLs using Inverse Reinforcement Learning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The detection of abnormalities in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) has garnered significant attention in recent studies, with many employing deep learning techniques. This paper introduces a novel approach to analyzing ADL sequences, aimed at identifying meaningful deviations from an individual’s routine behavior. Our method offers several benefits for older adults, including timely care, early detection of health conditions to prevent deterioration, reduced monitoring burden on family members, and enhanced self-sufficiency without disrupting daily activities. We propose an Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL)-based method to detect behavioral abnormalities in older adults by analyzing ADL sequences. Our approach models the problem of abnormality detection in behavior sequences as a Markov Chain model. By applying the IRL method, we infer the reward function that motivates individuals to perform ADL from observed behavior trajectories. This inferred reward function is then used to identify potential behavior abnormalities through a threshold-based mechanism, where sequences with rewards below a specified threshold are flagged as potential abnormalities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".