Health-related quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis under biologic therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects young adults of productive age, leading to impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess HRQoL and work productivity in patients with AS on biologic therapy, to explore its relationship with clinical data and radiographic severity. Methods Eighty AS patients were included. Patients were evaluated using Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI: AS). Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada MRI index (SPARCC) was used for radiological assessment of sacroilitis. Results Among the 80 AS patients included, 49 patients (61.3%) reported poor quality of life (QoL). Magnetic resonance imaging showed active inflammation in 36 patients (45%) and structural lesions in 80 patients (100%). There were positive correlations between the ASQoL and smoking (r = 0.238, p = 0.034), diagnostic delay (r = 0.298, p = 0.012), duration of current bDMARDs (r = 0.237, p = 0.035), peripheral joint involvement (r = 0.404, p < 0.001), BASDAI (r = 0.245, p = 0.028), BASFI (r = 0.349, p = 0.002), BASMI (r = 0.283, p = 0.011), role limitation due to physical health (r = 0.466, p = 0.029), presenteeism (r = 0.362, p = 0.011), activity impairment (r = 0.624, p < 0.001) and work impairment (r = 0.286, p = 0.047). while negative correlations were noted between ASQoL and employment status (r = -0.223, p = 0.047), vitality (r = -0.235, p = 0.036), and mental health (r = -0.227, p = 0.043). The current biologic therapy duration, BASDAI, BASMI, in addition to human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) positivity, were significant predictors of QoL. Conclusion Health-related quality of life might be affected in patients with ankylosing spondylitis undergoing biologic therapy, emphasizing the importance of routinely incorporating HRQoL assessments into their clinical management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".