Nationalist Attitudes and Nationalist Party Support through a Generational Lens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The existence and persistence of nationalist movements among substate nations can have various explanations, one of which is related to generations—how they were socialized to politics in distinct societal contexts, and how older generations are replaced by younger ones. Hence, to understand better the evolution of nationalism in Quebec, this study draws on the last six Quebec Election Studies (2007–22) and uses an Age–Period–Cohort model to examine the relationship between generational groups and various indicators of nationalism. The results reveal that there is indeed a generational story to tell about nationalism in Quebec. The generation of the Baby Boomers is particularly distinct from other generations, in terms of its attachment to Quebec, its support for Quebec’s independence and its support of the Parti Québécois; whereas the Millennials are more supportive of Québec Solidaire and GenXers are more likely to support the Coalition Avenir Québec. There are currently distinct “nationalist generations” that cohabitate in Quebec.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".