A Blocker-Tolerant Receiver With VCO-Based Non-Uniform Multi-Level Time-Approximation Filter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A blocker-tolerant millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) receiver is presented using a multi-level time-approximation filter (mTAF), a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based integrator with embedded digitization, and non-uniform (NU) sampling to enhance filtering flexibility and efficiency. The mTAF approximates FIR filter responses using a digitally generated multi-level weighting pattern that controls gated integration over time. Compared with state-of-the-art reconfigurable blocker-tolerant receivers, the seven-level mTAF introduces more programmable notches, enables asymmetric filtering, and provides wider stopbands for improved blocker suppression. The VCO-based integrator simplifies circuit complexity and achieves competitive power efficiency compared with conventional Gm-C designs, while NU sampling further mitigates alias-band blockers. Fabricated in 28-nm CMOS, the prototype occupies 0.83 mm2and consumes 87 mW. The receiver achieves 65-dB maximum blocker rejection, −36-dB EVM without blockers, and −31-dB EVM with a 24-dBc blocker at 1.217-GHz offset from a 32-GHz LO.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".