Correlated Surface Morphology and Sc Content Tuning in ScGaN Epilayers by Molecular Beam Epitaxy for Photonic Devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scandium (Sc)-III-nitrides, new members of the III-nitride family, are well-known for their ferroelectric properties. Their other unique material properties have further extended their applications beyond ferroelectric devices to light-emitting diodes (LEDs), optoelectronic devices, and photocatalysis. Tuning the morphology of Sc-III-nitrides is essential for these applications. This study provides insights into tuning the surface morphology as well as the Sc content of ScGaN epilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) under N-rich conditions. It is found that the surface features are dependent not only on the Ga/Sc ratio but also on the nitrogen flow rate. It is also found that the Sc content depends on both the Ga:Sc ratio and the incident Ga flux. Detailed characterization using atomic force and electron microscopies further unveils the possible underlying mechanism of the observed porous surface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".