Investigation of hydro-mechanical coupling characteristics of stress-induced anisotropic unsaturated clay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lots of geotechnical engineering problems are closely related to the anisotropic behavior of unsaturated clay. In this paper, suction-controlled, consolidated, drained triaxial shear tests were conducted on clay under unsaturated conditions. For unsaturated clay, the effects of matric suction, initial stress ratio, and subsequent stress ratio on the hydro-mechanical coupling characteristics were studied, and the evolution of water retention, stress-induced anisotropy characteristics and critical state parameters under different stress paths were obtained. The stress path significantly influences the water retention capacity of clay, with the initial stress ratio identified as a pivotal determinant of the air entry value. The shear strength, stress–strain behavior, and volumetric characteristics of unsaturated clay are jointly influenced by initial stress ratio, subsequent stress ratio, and matric suction. Increasing subsequent stress ratio generally decreases shear strength and enhances strain softening, while higher matric suction improves shear strength and promotes dilatancy. In the p*– q plane, a unique critical state line ( q = M* p*) exists, independent of matric suction and stress paths. In the ln p*– v plane, critical state lines at different matric suctions are parallel.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".