Lactate Metabolism: The String-Puller for the Development of Pancreatic Cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the discovery of the 'Warburg effect' in cancer, lactate is no longer considered merely a metabolic byproduct. It serves as both a metabolic fuel involved in the energy cycle and a signaling molecule that modulates cellular signal transduction. Recent studies have demonstrated that lactate participates in protein lactylation, regulates energy metabolism, reshapes the tumor microenvironment, and facilitates the metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, targeting lactate metabolism has emerged as a promising strategy to improve therapeutic efficacy and survival rates in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we outline aberrant lactate metabolism and recent advancements in lactylation, and elucidate the biological functions of lactate metabolism in pancreatic cancer, focusing on metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Additionally, we discuss diagnostic and therapeutic approaches targeting lactate metabolism in pancreatic cancer. Research in this field is critical for understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic cancer progression and is anticipated to develop novel therapeutic strategies for clinical practice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".