Spectrum of DNA Variants in Southwestern Ontario Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is the most prevalent inherited dyslipidemia, and it predisposes individuals to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Genetic testing can provide a definitive diagnosis. The spectrum of causal DNA variants in Ontario patients with hypercholesterolemia is not fully defined. Methods: In Southwestern Ontario patients with a clinical diagnosis of HeFH, we performed targeted next-generation DNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to determine the qualitative and quantitative spectrum of pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants. Results: p.C681X Middle Eastern variant, seen in 15.4%, 7.1%, and 3.1% of patients, respectively. About three-quarters of variants originated in Europe, with others from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical and genetic spectrum of HeFH in Southwestern Ontario. The P/LP variant diversity reflects historical colonization and later migration patterns both from across the world and interprovincially from Quebec.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".