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Quality-guaranteed steganographed-MECG signal compression using adaptive truncation of DCT and SVD coefficients and ASCII encoding

2025· article· en· W4414142388 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueComputers & Electrical Engineering · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicAdvanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaToronto Metropolitan University
KeywordsDiscrete cosine transformSingular value decompositionSteganographyASCIICompression ratioCompression (physics)Encoding (memory)Data compression

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

With the proliferation of wearable healthcare devices and garments in the last decade, the necessity of the storage capacity of the acquired biomedical signals; particularly multi-lead electrocardiogram (MECG) signals, and the importance of securing users’ personal information have increased significantly. However, existing MECG compression and steganography algorithms are insufficient to address these challenges effectively. This paper presents a discrete cosine transform, singular value decomposition, and American standard code for information interchange (ASCII) character encoding-based highly efficient quality-guaranteed steganographed MECG compression algorithm. The algorithm is tested on three publicly available MECG databases totalling 2.98 months, and its performance is assessed through both qualitative and quantitative measures. The algorithm attains a compression ratio that is much higher than that provided by other algorithms that are developed to compress the MECG signals only. The benefits of using the proposed algorithm are fivefolds: first, the clinical qualities of the reconstructed MECG signals can be controlled precisely, second, user’s personal information is restored with no error, third, reconstruction error of the MECG signals is dependent neither on the size of the user’s information nor on the steganography operation, fourth, the probability of guesstimating the security-key is close to zero, and fifth, high compression performance.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.871
Threshold uncertainty score0.809

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.263
Teacher spread0.249 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it