Alberto Fortis and the advancement of numismatics in the late 18th century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alberto Fortis, a Paduan “naturalist-antiquarian” of the late Enlightenment,played a significant role in the development of numismaticsas an evidence-based discipline in the last quarter ofthe 18th century. Fortis knew about ancient and medieval coinsand believed that coin finds were significant historical markers.He noted various coin finds during his travels in Dalmatia. Thesefindings suggested to the readers of his most important book,Viaggio in Dalmazia, that Dalmatia had a long and distinguishedhistory of monetary use. Fortis was also one of the first scholarswho recorded coins of Issa, Pharos, Scodra, and Corcyra whilehe was in Dalmatia. His interest in the issues of the Greek andIllyrian mints of the eastern Adriatic region is attested by a seriesof letters written over a 20-year period beginning in the early 1770s. These letters reveal that from the early 1780s to the early1790s Fortis acquired coins from southern Italy on behalf of thePaduan Marquis T. degli Obizzi, and that he also asked his friendsJ. Bajamonti, R. A. Michieli Vitturi, and M. Sorkočević to send himcoins from Dalmatia. Fortis’ direct observations and commentson the coins of Issa, Pharos, Scodra, and Corcyra, which he communicatedto F. Neumann, an Austrian numismatist, representhis most salient contribution to the identification and study ofthese issues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".