First occurrence of the urocordylid Ctenerpeton remex from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte, Illinois, USA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite being one of the most complete records of a paleozoic ecosystem, tetrapod fossils at the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte remain relatively rare compared to other contemporary late Carboniferous localities, making new additions to the fauna particularly important. Here we report a new concretion from Mazon Creek that contains a series of articulated caudal vertebrae of the early tetrapod Ctenerpeton remex. It is differentiated from Ptyonius and other nectrideans by the characteristics of its neural and haemal spines and arches, most notably the anterior and posterior projections on the haemal arches, the accessory zygapophyses on the neural arch, and the size and shape of the spines compared to known specimens of other urocordylids and nectrideans. The addition of Ctenerpeton remex to the Mazon Creek tetrapod assemblage increases the known diversity of nectrideans in this fauna and potentially aids in our understanding of the different environments inhabited by urocordylids in the late Carboniferous.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".