Medication Adherence in Chinese Patients with Essential Tremor: A Real World Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Medication adherence in essential tremor (ET) remains poorly characterized. This real world study aimed to investigate adherence rates, clinical correlates, and predictors among ET patients in China. Methods: A prospective cohort of 318 ET patients (116 pure ET, 202 ET-plus) was followed for a mean of 22.91 ± 3.86 months. Standardized assessments included the Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS). Adherence was defined as daily use of prescribed tremor medications. Logistic regression identified predictors. Results: Only 27.4% (87/318) maintained daily adherence. ET-plus patients showed higher adherence than pure ET (32.2% vs 19.0%, P = 0.011). Arotinolol was the most common medication. Compared to non-adherent patients, adherent patients showed higher urban residency (P = 0.026), head tremor prevalence (P = 0.002), mild cognitive impairment (P = 0.038), higher TETRAS-I (P = 0.047) and TETRAS-II scores (P = 0.008), as well as lower MoCA scores (P = 0.021). Multivariable analysis showed better medication adherence was significantly associated with higher TETRAS-II score (OR = 1.041, 95% CI = 1.001-1.082, P = 0.047), urban residence (OR = 1.775, 95% CI = 1.066-2.957, P = 0.028), and the presence of head tremor (OR = 1.936, 95% CI = 1.125-3.332, P = 0.017). No significant association was found between ET subtypes and adherence (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Medication adherence is alarmingly low in Chinese ET patients, especially in pure ET. Greater tremor severity, presence of head tremor, and urban residence were independently associated with better medication adherence. Highlight: Medication adherence among Chinese essential tremor (ET) patients remains suboptimal (only 27.4% in our cohort). ET plus patients showed higher adherence (32.2%) than pure ET (19.0%). Predictors of adherence included severe tremor (TETRAS-II), urban residence, and head tremor. Arotinolol was the predominant treatment. Findings emphasize the need for personalized interventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".