A Possible Case of Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis from Middle Byzantine Aphrodisias, Türkiye
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents a possible case of infantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH) in a 2.5–3.5-year-old individual from a twelth century Middle Byzantine burial context from Aphrodisias, Türkiye. ICH, a rare inflammatory bone disease typically of infancy, is seldom identified archaeologically due to its transient nature. This individual exhibited asymmetrical periosteal new bone formation on the mandible, scapula, and the diaphyses of the ulna, humerus, and radius. Differential diagnosis considered pathological conditions such as haemolytic anaemias, scurvy, rickets, tuberculosis, and child abuse; however, the alterations are most consistent with ICH. This is the first known archaeological case from Türkiye, contributing to discussions on infant health in Byzantine populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".