Effect of Ozone Autohemotherapy on Inflammatory Response and Postoperative Cognitive Function in Patients Undergoing Valve Replacement with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We herein probed the effects of ozone autohemotherapy (O3-AHT) on inflammatory response and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: Totally, 130 patients undergoing valve replacement with CPB were included in the study (O3-AHT) and control (banked blood transfusion) groups. Blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis, with arterial oxygen saturation, jugular venous oxygen saturation, partial pressure of arterial oxygen and jugular venous PO₂, hemoglobin, and cerebral oxygen extraction rate documented. Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-1β levels and serum S100β and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, followed by cognitive function assessment by Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales. RESULTS: The research group exhibited elevated thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time and decreased fibrinogen level immediately after surgery; it also presented reduced 24-hour postoperative serum IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, S100β, and NSE levels. Intraoperative cerebral oxygen metabolism was improved, and cognitive dysfunction was alleviated in the research group. The comparison of transfusion complication incidence between the two groups showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: The application of O3-AHT in patients undergoing valve replacement with CPB enhanced intraoperative brain oxygen metabolism and reduced postoperative 24-hour inflammatory response and cognitive dysfunction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".