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Record W4414343987 · doi:10.3390/children12091257

Pacifier Sizing as a Prescription for Better Oral Health Outcomes for Infants: A Call to Action

2025· article· en· W4414343987 on OpenAlexaff
David A. Tesini, Clive Friedman, Adithya Kethu, K. Hendricks

Bibliographic record

VenueChildren · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicCleft Lip and Palate Research
Canadian institutionsLondon Health Sciences CentreWestern University
FundersMassachusetts Life Sciences Center
KeywordsPacifierMedical prescriptionAction (physics)TongueMassage

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Sucking is essential for feeding and impacts the development of the cranio-facial-respiratory complex (CFRC). Non-nutritive sucking on a pacifier causes palatal narrowing and modifies the natural balanced relationship between intraoral pressure, peristaltic action of the tongue and the palate. Advanced engineering models have shown that malocclusions caused by pacifier use, are often a result of improper sizing. The sizing of pacifiers has historically been based on chronological age. Chronological age is not a size metric. Undersized pacifiers in a baby’s mouth can cause growth complications, palatal collapse airway incompetence and other orthodontic problems that can last a lifetime. Technical advances in facial anthropometrics and predictability of the rapid growth of the infant palate, can guide recommendations for pacifier size and design. This encourages change to a model of biometric sizing. Smartphone applications are being developed that use Ai and machine learning can predict conformity between palatal width and pacifier width.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.204
Threshold uncertainty score0.323

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.031
GPT teacher head0.380
Teacher spread0.349 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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