Bibliographic record
Abstract
Linguistic mimicry, also known as linguistic style matching (LSM), fosters rapport and influences communication outcomes. In high-stakes settings, such as parole hearings, LSM can shape perceptions of trust and credibility, which in turn can influence parole decisions. This study examines how offenders' language aligns with parole board members and whether this alignment varies by risk level. Using BUTTER software to analyze parole hearing transcripts, we measured LSM across linguistic categories, comparing mimicry levels between low-, moderate-, and high-risk offenders. Contrary to expectations, results indicated no significant differences in LSM or word count across risk levels. These findings suggest that communication dynamics during parole hearings may be less influenced by offender risk level than previously assumed, possibly reflecting standardized procedures or institutional norms. This research contributes to our understanding of language use in institutional settings. It raises important questions about how consistency in communication may impact perceptions of fairness and rapport in legal decision-making contexts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".