Transmission of the Yao Ethnic Group’s Jiaqiao Ritual Music Through Educational Practices in China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the educational practices for the transmission of Jiaqiao ritual music among the Yao ethnic group in Shanglin District, Nanning, Guangxi, China. Jiaqiao ritual music is a sacred vocal tradition rooted in ancestral worship and communal ceremonies, reflecting the Yao people’s spiritual beliefs, social cohesion, and cultural identity. With modernization and urban migration threatening its continuity, this research explores how both informal and institutional educational methods contribute to the preservation of this intangible heritage. Using a qualitative ethnographic approach, the study was conducted between December 2022 and December 2024 across selected villages in Shanglin District. Four key informants, experienced female ritual performers and community mentors were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection included participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, supported by audio, video, and photographic records. Thematic analysis revealed key findings: informal education during rituals and family gatherings forms the primary transmission mode; female ensembles serve as intergenerational pedagogical hubs; cultural institutions and government initiatives provide supplementary support; and challenges such as aging performers, youth disengagement, and sacred content restrictions hinder sustainability. The study suggests promoting community-based mentorship, expanding culturally sensitive curricula, and enhancing policy support for holistic preservation. These insights contribute to heritage conservation discourse and highlight education’s role in safeguarding minority cultural practices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".