Interplay of Loading and Adsorption Controls Elastic Deformation of Clastic and Crystalline Rocks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Rock elasticity varies with both mechanical loading and moisture content. Studies to date have only examined each effect independently, although moisture interactions with pore walls are likely coupled to mechanical stress. Here, we present experimental data specifically collected in sandstone and granite under simultaneous control of cyclic loading alongside ambient humidity approaching saturated vapor. Adsorption can account for 40% reduction in Young's modulus, which reduces to 10% as uniaxial stress increases from below 1 MPa to below the elastic limit. The observation is explained by a micromechanical model linking grain‐scale contact stiffness to pore‐scale vapor adsorption, quantitatively capturing coupled stress‐induced stiffening and adsorption‐induced softening. The coupled behavior is interpreted as adsorption‐induced softening becoming inhibited under greater mechanical loads. Our results suggest the coupled effects are strongest at overburden stresses between 3.3 and 10.6 MPa (140–450 m) in sandstone and 6–30.3 MPa (235–1,200 m) in granite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".