Platelet-rich plasma strategy against freezing damage in ram spermatozoa: its effect on miRNA, ion channels, growth factors, lipids and oxidative stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CONTEXT: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a plasma component containing high concentrations of platelets, growth factors, antioxidants and proliferative properties. AIM: To mitigate the negative effects of cryopreservation on ram semen by utilising PRP. METHODS: Semen was collected from six rams twice a week for 3 weeks during the breeding season. Pooling was performed by dilution with tris + egg yolk diluent. Pooling was divided into three equal parts and re-diluted with diluents containing control (0% PRP), 5% PRP and 10% PRP. Sperms were frozen in an automatic freezing device and stored in liquid nitrogen. After thawing, spermatological, flow-cytometric, oxidative stress, cholesterol, fatty acid, ELISA, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses were performed. KEY RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the 5% PRP group exhibited a significant increase in progressive motility, viability and cholesterol ratios, glutathione-peroxidase activity, CATSPER1 (Cation Channel of Sperm), CATSPER3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels and KCNJ11 (Potassium Channel, Inwardly Rectifying, Subfamily J, Member 11), HSA-MIR-181A, HSA-MIR-150 and HSA-MIR-374 transcripts. Apoptotic protein, malondialdehyde and HSA-MIR-410, OAR-MIR-10B, BTA-MIR-22-3P and RNO-MIR-494 transcripts were decreased in 5% PRP group compared with control. PRP supplementation at 10% increased dead sperm and heptadecenoic acid ratios, VEGF and PDGF levels and HSA-MIR-410, PPY-MIR-16, CFA-MIR-199, HSA-MIR-181A, HSA-MIR-150, OAR-MIR-127, HSA-LET-7A and HSA-MIR-374 transcripts as well as CATSPER3, HSD3β2, PDGFB and VEGFA proteins compared with the control. PRP supplementation at 10% significantly decreased plasma membrane integrity, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) level and CATSPER3 and KCNJ11 transcripts compared with the control. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of 5% PRP before cryopreservation has beneficial effects on the functional and molecular properties of frozen-thawed ram spermatozoa, whereas the addition of 10% PRP has negative effects. IMPLICATIONS: Five per cent PRP should be added to ram semen diluents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".