Deep Active Learning based Experimental Design to Uncover Synergistic Genetic Interactions for Host Targeted Therapeutics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Motivation: High-throughput methods have advanced the study of host-virus interactions, but testing interactions between host gene pairs during infection remains labor intensive. Identification of multiple gene knockdowns that inhibit viral replication requires exploring a vast combinatorial space and is infeasible via brute-force experiments. Although active learning methods for sequential experimental design have shown promise, existing approaches have generally been restricted to single-gene knockdowns or small-scale double knockdown datasets. Results: Here, we present an integrated deep active learning (DeepAL) framework that incorporates information from a biological knowledge graph (SPOKE, the Scalable Precision Medicine Open Knowledge Engine) to efficiently search the configuration space of a large dataset of pairwise knockdowns of 356 human genes in HIV infection. Through representation learning, the framework is able to generate task-specific representations of genes while also balancing the exploration-exploitation trade-off to pinpoint highly effective double-knockdown pairs. In addition, we present an ensemble method for improved performance and an interpretation of the gene pairs selected by our algorithm through pathway analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first work to show promising results on double-gene knockdown experimental data of appreciable scale (356 by 356 matrix). Availability and implementation: https://github.com/LLNL/DeepAL.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".