An Evaluation of Oral Subchronic Toxicity of Maizinol (UP165), a <scp> <i>Zea mays</i> </scp> Leaf Extract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) has been consumed by humans for millennia and represents the third most abundant crop grown globally. Maize and maize-derived products have a long history of safe consumption from bread and other cereal products in human diets worldwide. Aside from key dietary components like carbohydrates and proteins, the corn plant contains endogenous biomolecules like benzoxazinoids. Benzoxazinoids are a group of secondary metabolites produced in monocotyledons and some species of dicotyledons from the Acanthaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Plantaginaceae, and Lamiaceae families, and benzoxazinoids play a vital role in plant physiology. The current research aims to evaluate the safety of Maizinol (UP165), an ethanolic corn leaf extract containing 0.2%-0.3% of the benzoxazinoid, benzoxazolinone 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (6-MBOA) in Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were orally dosed with 0-, 750-, 1500-, or 3000-mg Maizinol/kg body weight/day for 90 days and observed for mortality and morbidity. Results revealed that Maizinol was well tolerated at all tested doses, as no significant effects were observed in hematological, biochemical, and histological endpoints at all doses. A subchronic 90-day toxicity no-observed-adverse-effect level for UP165 in Sprague Dawley rats was determined to be 3000 mg/kg body weight/day.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".