The Methyltransferase Protein Encoded by Ustilaginoidea virens Polymycovirus 1 Suppresses Autophagy in <i>Ustilaginoidea virens</i> to Promote Viral Infection and Confer Host Hypovirulence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rice false smut (RFS), caused by the ascomycete fungus Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi (teleomorph: Villosiclava virens ), is a major panicle disease affecting rice production. Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses represent promising biocontrol agents against plant fungal diseases. Here, we isolated a novel mycovirus, Ustilaginoidea virens polymycovirus 1 (UvPMV1), which alters the biological characteristics of the host fungus. Our findings demonstrate that UvPMV1 suppresses the autophagy pathway in U. virens and that autophagy is an essential defense mechanism during UvPMV1 infection. The methyltransferase (MT) protein encoded by UvPMV1 acted as an autophagy inhibitor and hypovirulence inducer by specifically interacting with the autophagy-related protein UvAtg6. Furthermore, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed intricate virus–host interaction mechanisms. Collectively, we propose a model in which viral disruption of UvAtg6-mediated autophagy suppresses host defenses to enhance mycoviral proliferation. These findings present a promising biocontrol strategy against RFS and provide new insights into the agricultural application of mycoviruses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".