In vitro and ex vivo immunomodulatory effects of human placental mesenchymal stem cells in hidradenitis suppurativa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease marked by immune dysregulation and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines. While biologics like adalimumab target specific pathways, their limited efficacy highlights the need for broader immunomodulatory treatments. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promise due to their immunosuppressive properties and ability to modulate both innate and adaptive immunity. This study investigates the effects of naïve (n-MSCs) and cytokine-preactivated (a-MSCs) placental MSCs on the immune responses in HS. Methods: MSCs were isolated from healthy term placentas and either used naïvely or preactivated with IFN-γ and TNF-α. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HS patients (n=3) and healthy donors (n=3) were co-cultured with n-MSCs, a-MSCs, or adalimumab. Additionally, lesional, perilesional, and healthy 4 mm in diameter skin punch biopsies from 10 HS patients and 3 controls were cultured in a transwell system with the same interventions. Flow cytometry assessed lymphocytes proliferation and T cell subsets while Luminex assays measured cytokine levels. Results: Both n-MSCs and a-MSCs significantly inhibited lymphocytes proliferation and shifted T cell populations, increasing CD4+ and decreasing CD8+ T cells. The a-MSCs notably reduced IL-17A and IFN-γ in PBMC co-cultures; n-MSCs had partial effects. HS skin explants exhibited elevated IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-17A compared to healthy skin. The n-MSCs markedly reduced all three cytokines in lesional and perilesional tissues. Moreover, a-MSCs selectively increased IL-10 in lesional skin. Conclusion: Placental MSCs, especially in their naïve form, demonstrate potent immunomodulatory effects by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and altering T cell dynamics in HS. Compared to adalimumab, MSCs offer a broader immunoregulatory profile, suggesting their potential as a multitarget therapy for HS. These findings support further clinical investigation of MSC-based treatments in managing this complex disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".