Physiological qualities of honey bee queens ( <i>Apis mellifera</i> ) overwintered in banks
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Due to the challenges of rearing honey bee queens (Apis mellifera) in a northern climate, the Canadian beekeeping industry relies on importing queens from other countries. Alternative strategies have been explored in recent years to increase Canadian self-sufficiency in queen supply. Studies have focused on assessing the feasibility of storing groups of queens in a colony (queen bank) over the winter, ensuring their availability in spring of the following year. This study aimed to investigate the impact of overwintering banked queens on their nutritional and reproductive physiological state, as well as their overall performance in colonies, compared to control queens wintered individually. Although banked queens had a lower mean survival rate during the winter season compared to control queens, there was significant variation in survival rates among different queen banks, ranging from 11% to 70%. Seven key reproductive and nutritional parameters were evaluated, including queen and ovary weight, abdominal index, sperm metrics, and protein levels. After wintering, there were no significant differences in these measured parameters between the groups. When overwintered queens were introduced into colonies the following spring, the colonies with banked queens had significantly less brood during the first month compared to control queens, but after 2 months, there was no difference between banked and control queens regarding brood production, number of frames of bees, or colonies’ weight gain. Our study shows that overwintering queens in banks of 40 does not have a significant impact on their nutritional and reproductive physiological parameters or overall performance in colonies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it