Serum endotrophin relates to blood pressure in young South Asian women but not White women: evidence of ethnic variation in its early vascular implications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Endotrophin is a novel circulating fibroinflammatory protein that has recently been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, little is known about its role early in the natural history of vascular disease nor whether it exhibits ethnicity-specific variation. Recognizing that South Asians have an elevated risk of ultimately developing CVD, we sought to address these questions by characterizing endotrophin and its physiologic correlates in young South Asian women as compared to White women. METHODS: From a cohort recruited in pregnancy and followed to 1-year after delivery, we identified 40 participants of South Asian descent and 40 age- and BMI-matched White women. These individuals underwent cardiometabolic characterization at 1-year postpartum, including assessment of anthropometrics, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, pancreatic beta-cell function, and serum endotrophin. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in serum endotrophin concentration between South Asians and Whites (median 19.3 ng/ml [interquartile range 14.5-23.8] vs 17.3 ng/ml [14.4-21.7], p = 0.37). However, endotrophin was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.43, p = 0.006) in South Asians but not in White women (r = -0.02, p = 0.89), mirroring differential associations that were similarly observed with fasting glucose (South Asian: r = 0.34, p = 0.03; White: r = -0.21, p = 0.21). Moreover, on multiple linear regression analyses, systolic blood pressure was independently associated with endotrophin in South Asians only (beta = 0.016, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Endotrophin relates to blood pressure in young South Asian women but not White women, suggesting ethnic variation in its early vascular associations that potentially could be relevant to the elevated lifetime risk of CVD in South Asians.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".