MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4414594317 · doi:10.11647/obp.0490.10

10. Electoral competition

2025· book-chapter· en· W4414594317 on OpenAlexaff
Martin J. Osborne

Bibliographic record

VenueOpen Book Publishers · 2025
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicGame Theory and Voting Systems
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPosition (finance)VotingNash equilibriumCardinal voting systemsSet (abstract data type)Stochastic gameCompetition (biology)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

If the members of a set of politicians choose whether to run as candidates, and if so the positions to take, then if the citizens vote sincerely, a Nash equilibrium generally does not exist. If voting is strategic and the politicians' payoff functions are strictly concave, then in an equilibrium every candidate's position is the median of the citizens' favorite positions. If the set of politicians is the set of citizens and each candidate's position is her (known) favorite position, equilibria with a single candidate whose favorite position is the median of the citizens' favorite positions, or is close to the median, are possible. If voting is strategic, equilibria with multiple candidates whose favorite positions are the median are also possible, and whether voting is sincere or strategic, two-candidate equilibria in which the candidates' positions differ may exist.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Scholarly communication, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.543
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0020.002
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0830.012

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.224
Teacher spread0.187 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueOpen Book PublishersSame topicGame Theory and Voting SystemsFrench-language works237,207