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Record W4414606037 · doi:10.35502/jcswb.452

Identifying barriers and advantages in implementing a drug deflection policy that impacts the role of law enforcement

2025· article· en· W4414606037 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Kaitlin F. Martins, Brandon del Pozo

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Community Safety and Well-Being · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicPharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLegislatureLaw enforcementEnforcementGeneral partnershipPopulationAgency (philosophy)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This study seeks to gain a deeper understanding of how implementing a drug deflection program through law enforcement creates new challenges as we look to officers to assist community members in accessing treatment. This is an action research study with a generic qualitative inquiry that seeks knowledge about real-life work changes due to new legislative policies. The legislative policy created in 2019 called the Community-Law Enforcement Partnership for Deflection and Substance Use Disorder Treatment Act (CLEPD) encouraged the creation of drug deflection programs within law enforcement agencies in Illinois. The participants identified were law enforcement officers in a suburban county of Illinois implementing a drug deflection program. Included with this population were administrators at the law enforcement agency and treatment professionals. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, transcribed, and analyzed to identify emergent themes. This study identified two barriers: the need for additional officers to provide transportation and lack of local community resources. The greatest advantages of implementation were positive interactions with the community, administrative support, and an alternative to incarceration.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.323
Threshold uncertainty score0.352

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.035
GPT teacher head0.401
Teacher spread0.366 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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