Altered adult brain morphology in a mouse model of late-onset fetal growth restriction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) from placental insufficiency results in progressive fetal hypoxia and is often associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. In response to hypoxia, fetal brain sparing physiology is activated to protect the developing brain from injury via enhancing oxygen delivery. However, this protection may not be robust, and some brain regions remain susceptible to hypoxic injury. In addition, not all injury is manifested during fetal life, and may present in infant development. Using a mouse model of late-onset FGR where gestation is extended for 24 h, equivalent to approximately 2 weeks in humans, we deployed longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging to assess structural brain development from birth to adulthood. Postterm fetuses showed significantly smaller volumes of the perirhinal and ectorhinal cortex regions compared to controls, with no differences observed between sexes. These brain regions, essential for recognition memory, exhibited progressively greater volume reductions with increasing postnatal age. Our findings add to the growing body of literature demonstrating that an adverse fetal environment during critical periods of development can have effects on the brain that persist into adulthood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".