Multi‐Functional and Multi‐Stimulus Sensitive Self‐Powered Hydrogel for Skin Mimicry and Energy Harvester
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Self‐powered hydrogel i‐skin (ionic skins) with excellent mechanical properties and multi‐stimuli responsiveness resembling natural skin is highly desirable but remains a significant challenge. This study introduced a novel multi‐stimuli‐sensitive self‐powered hydrogel, formed by integrating multiple hydrogen bonds and a polyampholyte network, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, high transparency, strong adhesion, and anti‐freezing capability. The cations and anions on the polyampholyte, along with their free counterions, enabled the piezoionic behavior with the output voltage and voltage decay time highly sensitive to the applied pressure and contact shape. Following the release of relatively high pressure, the hydrogel exhibited a prolonged voltage decay time of up to 35 s. The presence of multiple hydrogen bonds and the low water content endowed the hydrogel with sensitivity to both humidity and temperature. These functionalities rendered the hydrogel a promising candidate for skin‐mimetic applications and energy harvesting in next‐generation flexible sensing devices and human–machine interfaces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".