Interfacial shear strength of MXene interfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the interfacial shear strength (ISS) of MXenes is essential for improving their mechanical reliability in applications where layered MXene structures experience repeated mechanical loads. The ISS governs the ability of adjacent layers to resist sliding or delamination. This study investigates the ISS and associated interfacial properties of Ti 3 C 2 T x -Ti 3 C 2 T x , Ti 3 C 2 T x -graphene, and Ti 3 C 2 T x -MoS 2 interfaces through a combination of friction force microscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Experimental results show that the Ti 3 C 2 T x -Ti 3 C 2 T x homo-interface demonstrates the strongest interactions, with the highest ISS, coefficient of friction, and adhesion energy, compared to the Ti 3 C 2 T x -graphene and Ti 3 C 2 T x -MoS 2 hetero-interfaces. Furthermore, DFT simulations based on experimentally relevant compositions and configurations highlighted the critical influence of surface terminations (including −H, −F, −OH, −O, and −Cl groups) on the interfacial behavior of heterostructures. These findings offer mechanistic insights into the role of surface chemistry in tuning friction and adhesion, providing a foundation for the design of robust MXene-based interfaces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".