Unveiling Localized Plasmonic Activation comparing Photochemically and Thermally Initiated Polymerization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a chemical approach to spatially investigate the energy transfer around nanoparticles excited by fs-pulsed illumination in near-infrared. Free radical acrylate polymers that can crosslinked either by photochemical or thermal pathway are used under the same illumination conditions on gold nanotriangles. The objective is to disentangle between photoinduced and thermal polymerization using the same acrylate chemistry. In photochemical regime, local photopolymerization is observed at the apex of the nanotriangles with spatial control depending on the excitation polarization. For the thermal polymer, at moderate power, nanometer-sized polymer lobes are observed on the apexes of the triangle, their position depending also on the direction of polarization. At higher power, anisotropic melting of the gold within the gold nanotriangles was observed, also depending on incident light polarization. These results are compared with theoretical calculations using modified three-temperature model, to study the nanotriangle particles time and space heat distribution. This new methodology reveals that ultrafast (< 300 fs) energy exchange can occur between the nanoparticle and the surrounding medium before temperature homogenization within the nanoparticle. Our results demonstrate the possibility to generate extremely localized nanoscale energy sources able to trigger thermal chemical reactions. We discuss the possible mechanisms beyond this energy transfer. This fundamental breakthrough opens up many new perspectives in nanofabrication based on thermally polymerizable formulations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".