Centrorhynchus saluni n.sp. (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from the Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis (Cuculiformes: Cuculidae) in Saleh Pat, Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Greater Coucal (Centropus sinensis) is a widespread, non-migratory resident bird of Pakistan that inhabits diverse habitats, including agricultural landscapes and forested areas. Objectives: To describe a new species of Centrorhynchus from the Greater Coucal in Sindh, contributing to the knowledge of acanthocephalan diversity in Pakistan and the global taxonomy of the genus. Methods: Three Greater Coucals (Centropus sinensis) were collected through purposive sampling during routine avian surveys in Saleh Pat, Sukkur District, Pakistan. Gastrointestinal tracts were dissected and screened under a stereomicroscope. Worms were relaxed in hot water, fixed in AFA, stained with borax carmine, dehydrated through graded ethanol, cleared, and mounted in Canada balsam. Line drawings (Olympus BH2-DA) and photomicrographs (OMAX 10 MP) were prepared. Diagnostic features were consistent across specimens. The approach aligns with established acanthocephalan taxonomy protocols, where complete specimens validate new species, and the study focused on description rather than ecological statistics. Results: Seven acanthocephalans were recovered from the intestines of two Greater Coucals (Centropus sinensis), representing a new species, Centrorhynchus saluni n. sp. Male measured 6.27–6.70 mm, and female 7.41–7.92 mm. Diagnostic features include specific proboscis and receptacle dimensions, cylindrical lemnisci longer than the receptacle, tandem to slightly oblique testes, six elongated cement glands, and a posterior bursa in male. Female possess a uterine bell with eggs measuring 0.075–0.085 × 0.030–0.038 mm. Conclusions: Centrorhynchus saluni n. sp., discovered in the Greater Coucal from Sindh, Pakistan, enhances knowledge of Centrorhynchidae diversity and introduces new diagnostic traits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".