MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4414793608 · doi:10.1080/10926488.2025.2465352

Individual Variation in Metaphor Interpretation

2025· article· en· W4414793608 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Kayvan Shakoury, Frank Boers

Bibliographic record

VenueMetaphor and Symbol · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicLanguage, Metaphor, and Cognition
Canadian institutionsWestern University
FundersWestern University
KeywordsInterpretation (philosophy)MulticulturalismMetaphorVariation (astronomy)Domain (mathematical analysis)Cultural diversity

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This study investigated how metaphors of multiculturalism and multicultural society are interpreted by a group of students enrolled in a Canadian university. The participants were presented with 24 metaphors regarding multiculturalism and multicultural society that are used frequently in Canadian public discourse about these topics according to an analysis of a corpus of Canadian press articles. They were then asked to choose the metaphors they agree or disagree with the most and to elaborate on the reasons behind their selections. The participants’ reasons for endorsing or rejecting the metaphors varied depending on their specific views of the source domains and on what analogies between these domains and the target domain they recognized. The considerable individual differences in these participants’ reasoning about the given metaphors call for a cautious interpretation of studies which aim to examine the impact of exposure to certain metaphors on the reasoning and beliefs of groups of people.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.020
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.013
Threshold uncertainty score0.027

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.020
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0020.004
Scholarly communication0.0030.001
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.016
GPT teacher head0.299
Teacher spread0.284 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueMetaphor and SymbolSame topicLanguage, Metaphor, and CognitionFrench-language works237,207