High-Performance SOI-Based Filter With Multiple Microring Resonators for Telecom Applications: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we present the design, simulation, fabrication, and characterization of a high-performance all-optical filter. It consists of three cascaded microring resonators and four integrated grating couplers, developed for precise wavelength selection within the telecom band (1500–1600 nm). The device was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform using high-resolution electron beam lithography and encapsulated with a silica cladding layer to enhance mechanical robustness and increase the effective refractive index, resulting in superior optical performance. A fundamental aspect of the proposed design is systematic geometrical tailoring of critical parameters, including ring radius, waveguide width, coupling gap, coupling length, and the number of cascaded resonators, to allow precise control over the filter’s spectral characteristics. The fabricated filter achieves an ultra-narrow passband of 1.99 nm, a resonance power transfer efficiency exceeding 56%, and a Q-factor up to 804. The free spectral range (FSR) is shown to be design-dependent, varying between 27 nm and 37 nm as a function of ring radius, thus enabling flexible specification during the design phase. Experimental characterization using tunable lasers showed strong agreement with finite-difference time-domain simulations, validating the filter design. Extensive parametric studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of structural variations on key performance metrics, including resonance wavelength, Q-factor, transmission efficiency, and FSR. The proposed filter demonstrates outstanding spectral resolution, low insertion loss, and excellent efficiency, establishing it as a promising solution for advanced optical communications, high-precision photonic signal processing, and emerging nanophotonic systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".