40 Phosphorus digestibility in short-season corn and roasted full-fat soybean fed to growing pigs without or with exogenous enzymes.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The aim was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of phosphorus (P) in short-season corn (SSC) and roasted full-fat soybean (RFFS) fed to growing pigs with or without phytase and a multi-carbohydrase complex (MC). In Experiment 1, 18 male pigs (16.3 ± 1.25 kg) were assigned to one of three dietary treatments, with six replicates per diet. The diets included a control SSC diet, SSC + 1,000 phytase units/kg (SSC+Phy), and SSC + 1,000 phytase units/kg + 600 units/kg of MC (SSC+Phy+MC). Corn was the solo source of P in mixed diets. In Experiment 2, 24 male pigs (16.0 ± 1.29 kg) were assigned to one of four diets: a basal diet (BD) based on corn and soybean meal, BD + 40% RFFS (RFFS), BD + 40% RFFS + 1,000 phytase units/kg (RFFS+Phy), and BD + 40% RFFS + 1,000 phytase units/kg + 1,200 units/kg of MC (RFFS+Phy+MC). Pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates for 12 d (7-day adaptation, 5-day fecal collection) and fed at 2.8 times their maintenance energy requirement. Ingredients, diets, and fecal samples were analyzed for dry matter and P content. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure in SAS, considering the random effect of blocks (weight and repetition over time) and the fixed effect of treatments, with the individual pig as the experimental unit. SSC and RFFS ingredient contained 0.25 and 0.56% total P, 0.19 and 0.22% phytate, giving 21.1 and 11.0% phytate-bound P of total P, respectively. For SSC-based diets, phytase reduced fecal P excretion (P < 0.05) and increased ATTD and STTD of P (P < 0.01), regardless of MC inclusion. The ATTD of P was 18, 55, and 54%, and STTD was 24, 61, and 60% for the SSC, SSC+Phy, and SSC+Phy+MC diets, respectively. For RFFS-based diets, P intake was higher (P < 0.01) for RFFS and RFFS+Phy diets compared to BD. The inclusion of RFFS increased (P < 0.01) ATTD (38 vs. 51%) and STTD (42 vs. 55%) of P compared to BD. The ATTD of P was 51, 67 and 67%, and STTD was 55, 71 and 71% for RFFS, RFFS+Phy, and RFFS+Phy+MC diets, respectively. The ATTD and STTD of P in RFFS ingredient were 70 and 73%, respectively. Phytase increased (P < 0.01) both ATTD and STTD of P in RFFS-containing diets, with no effect of MC supplementation. In conclusion, 1,000 FTU of phytase improved P digestibility in SSC- and RFFS-based diets, but no synergistic effect was observed with MC supplementation. The ingredients ATTD and STTD of P 18 and 24% for SSC, and 70 and 73% for RFFS ingredient, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".