Unraveling intraspecific trait variation in Amazonian secondary forests: interactions among succession, soils, plant height and species strategies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Secondary forests (SFs), which dominate tropical regions and account for more than half of the total forest area, play a crucial role as carbon sinks and contribute significantly to climate change mitigation. However, our understanding of how species respond to ongoing climate change in these forests remains limited, particularly because species performance may shift across successional stages in response to changing environmental filters. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence species regeneration and drought tolerance is essential for predicting their resilience in the face of intensifying climate change. In this study, we evaluated intraspecific variation in hydraulic and anatomical traits of three abundant tree species (Eschweilera coriacea, Licania kunthiana and Tapirira guianensis) occurring in a successional gradient of SFs in the Eastern Amazon and their relationships with soil characteristics. We identified intraspecific variation both among individuals within the same plot and across different plots; however, we did not observe a consistent pattern of trait variation along the successional gradient. In some cases, successional age was associated with variation in anatomical and hydraulic traits, but these relationships were not consistent across species. In addition, soil properties were a key determinant of intraspecific variation. Our findings highlight the complexity of intraspecific trait responses in SFs and underscore the need to consider both species-specific strategies and environmental drivers when predicting forest resilience under future climate change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".