Mucoadhesive micelles for ophthalmic drug delivery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The most common formulation for treating ocular conditions is topical eyedrops, despite their well-documented inefficiency. In this study, mucoadhesive nano-micelles were developed to overcome the poor efficacy of topical eyedrops in the treatment of dry eye disease. The micelles contained a pre-activated thiomer capable of releasing mucolytic N-acetylcysteine upon covalent disulfide exchange with the natural mucus layer which covers the surface of the eye. The micelles, approximately 70 nm in diameter, were shown to be mucoadhesive through zeta potential analysis. The critical micelle concentration was determined to be 217 mg/L using the pyrene fluorescence method. The core of the micelles was loaded with cyclosporine A, displaying a greater than 90% entrapment efficiency, and yielding sustained release of approximately 57% over 10 days. The cellular response to the micelles was tested with human corneal epithelial cells by MTT assay and Live/Dead staining. It was found that lower concentrations of the amphiphilic polymer resulted in greater cellular viability and in all cases, viability increased from 24 to 48 h following treatment. Overall, these mucoadhesive systems have potential to provide more efficacious treatment of anterior segment ocular conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".